These electromagnetic waves are the low-frequency wave that is transmitted in all direction and the wave follows the curvature of the earth as you can see in the image below. In the ground propagation, the electromagnetic wave is propagated close to the atmosphere i.e. The unguided media propagates electromagnetic wave from source to destination in three methods: An antenna is an electronic conductor that has the ability to transmit these electromagnetic waves and it can even receive these waves. The electromagnetic wave is nothing but the moving electrons that propagates information from one point to the another through the air or even in a vacuum. Now before going into the classification of unguided transmission media let us talk about the antenna and electromagnetic wave. The unguided media uses an antenna for transmitting and receiving the electromagnetic wave. In these circumstances, wireless or unguided transmission media performs better. The wired or guided transmission media are good at their service then why we need the unguided or wireless transmission media? Well, it was not possible to install the fibre, wire, cable in a hilly area, jungles, swamps etc.
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